Diagnostic Advances in Acute Viral Meningitis: Any Novelty for the Physician?

Ozgur Karcioglu* and Ebru Yilmaz

Diagnostic Advances in Acute Viral Meningitis: Any Novelty for the Physician?

Acute meningitis s described as an acute inflammation of meningeal membranes involved
by causative agents. Viral agents can infect central nervous system  various mechanisms including
direct involvement and/or replication within the neural tissue leading to encephalitis, and/or meningitis.

Acute meningitis in humans stems from various septic  aseptic l) pathogens. acute viral
meningitis (AVM) (a.k.a. aseptic meningitis) consists of signs and symptoms of
meningismus and pathologically boosted number of cells within the cerebrospinal fluid
in conjunction with a sterile bacterial hemoculture.

Patients with AVM tends to be younger than those with bacterial meningitis.
The prompt diagnosis of meningitis mainly comprise S direct work-up of the fluid and
/or the presence of relevant antigenic material in the CSF following a lumbar puncture(LP).

These tests are not highly sensitive, and they are not useful in the differential diagnosis
in up to a half of the patients in the samples. Viallon et al5 demonstrated that best possible diagnosis
is AVM in patients with negative direct CSF examination: up to
71% of these patients turned out to have AVM in a recent French study.

Within the sample of 218 patients with AVM, the causative agent could
be identified in eighty-five (39%): enteroviridae (25%), herpes (9%), varicella species
and Paramyxoviridae (the latter two microorganisms constitute 5%) Acute viral encephalitis
the other hand, is the  result of human virus inflicting the CNS.

AVE is mostly a pathological diagnosis and represents inflammation of the brain parenchyma
which may be visualized on magnetic resonance imaging.3
MRI can reveal focal or diffuse changes in signal intensity, cerebral
edema, restricted diffusion, hemorrhages, necrosis, and enhancement.

Emerg Med Open J. 2019; 4(1): 20-24. doi: 10.17140/EMOJ-4-150

LATEST ARTICLES

 - 
Arabic
 - 
ar
Bengali
 - 
bn
German
 - 
de
English
 - 
en
French
 - 
fr
Hindi
 - 
hi
Indonesian
 - 
id
Portuguese
 - 
pt
Russian
 - 
ru
Spanish
 - 
es