Fas Receptor: An Overview

Hanan Rabea Nada

Fas Receptor: An Overview

The FAS receptor, also known as apoptosis antigen, cluster of differentiation or tumor
necrosis factor receptor superfamily is a protein that in humans is encoded by the FAS gene.

Engagement of the cell death surface receptor Fas by Fas ligand results in apoptotic cell death,
mediated by caspase activation.

Cell death mediated via Fas/FasL interaction is important for homeostasis of different cell types.
In this review, we want to highlight the role of Fas receptor in different dermatologic disorders.

This would definitely help our understanding of its important role in dermatology
that can open a new era in using anti-Fas biologic therapy in the future management of such disorders.

Fas tumor necrosis factor superfamily is a transmembrane receptor expressed in particular in brain,
heart, kidney, liver, pancreas, thymus and lymphoid tissues. It belongs to the death receptor family,
a subgroup of the Tumor Necrosis Factor Nerve Growth Factor receptor
superfamily and acts as the target of cell death-inducing antibodies.

These cell surface cytokine receptors are able to initiate an apoptotic signaling cascade after
binding a group of structurally related ligands or specific antibodies.

In addition to its apoptotic function, it has other cellular responses including migration, invasion,
inflammation, and proliferation.

The members of this family are type I transmembrane proteins with a C-terminal intracellular tail,
a membrane-spanning region, and an extracellular N-terminal domain rich in cystein.

Through interaction with the N-terminal domain, the receptors bind their cognate ligands.
Although soluble forms of the receptor also exist, whose functions are still largely unknown,
the membrane-bound form is largely predominant and highly biologically active.

 

Dermatol Open J. 2016; 1(3): 63-71. doi: 10.17140/DRMTOJ-1-117

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