Histopathologic Patterns and Cytohistologic Correlation of Thyroid Lesions among Patients with Thyroid Biopsies in Jimma Medical Centre, South West Ethiopia: A Retrospective Study

Tewodros Wubshet*, Tewodros Deneke and Eshetu Alemayehu

Histopathologic Patterns and Cytohistologic Correlation of Thyroid Lesions among Patients with Thyroid Biopsies in Jimma Medical Centre, South West Ethiopia: A Retrospective Study.

The normal adult thyroid gland is composed of two lobes joined by the isthmus,
which lies across the trachea anteriorly, below the level of the cricoid cartilage.

The gland is affected in many physiologic and pathologic conditions.
Diseases of the thyroid include conditions associated with excessive release
of thyroid hormones, thyroid hormone deficiency, and mass lesions of the thyroid.

Thyroid nodules are one of the commonest clinical findings with a reported
prevalence of 4-7% in the adult population. Overall, however,
only fewer than 5% of adult thyroid nodules are malignant with the
vast majority being non-neoplastic lesions or benign neoplasms.

Selecting those neoplastic nodules among the different lesions is
of paramount importance when deciding to operate on the enlarged thyroid.

One of the well-established and preferred first line diagnostic tools in the evaluation
of diffuse thyroid lesions as well as of thyroid nodules is fine needle aspiration cytology with the main purpose of confirming benign lesions and thereby, reducing unnecessary surgery.

Despite several studies showing a high accuracy of FNAC, studies especially in Eastern Africa and other developing countries with a high prevalence of nodular thyroid disease, have shown the accuracy of FNAC to be lower and its diagnostic performance has been shown to vary across different studies.

Although the magnitude and prevalence of thyroid disorders were reported in various literatures, histopathologic data and specially diagnostic performance of FNAC in Jimma University Medical
Centre is not known.

Hence, the purpose of this study is to determine the overall histopathologic patterns and cytohistologic correlation of thyroid lesions using histopathologic examination as the gold standard.

 

Pathol Lab Med Open J. 2022; 1(1): 75-82. doi: 10.17140/PLMOJ-1-112

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