Photobiomodulation in Cells’ Repair

Yvona Zivic*

Photobiomodulation in Cells’ Repair.

Photobiomodulation is a non-invasive treatment modality acting
at different biological levels through the non-thermal transfer of photons
to the living matter via a photoelectric effect, inducing photochemical reactions in treated cells.

The objective of  this article is to review the literature on Photobiomodulation,
its different fields of application and mechanisms of action, for establishing
a comprehensive summary of evidence.

Selection criteria was based on preferably inclusion of randomized clinical trials,
systematic reviews and studies providing qualitative and quantitative data with the best consistency, in a field where heterogeneity of light parameters is often a difficulty to comparison of findings. Published expert opinions were also considered.

PBM has mostly been studied for pain reduction, mitigation
of inflammation and stimulation of wound healing.

National Aeronautics and Space Administration, US Navy and UK military,
with their own therapeutic experiments in the 1990s, demonstrated faster
recovery post-injuries, enhanced wound healing, angiogenesis and cytoprotection.

The contact between light and matter generates interaction.
Light is absorbed, reflected, deviated or emitted by matter.

wavelengths of light visible to the human eye. Infrared corresponds
to wavelengths above the 700 nm nominal edge of red up. gynecology,
gastroenterology, arthroscopy with the use of endoscopes, angioplasty
and radiological monitoring.

The non-thermal effects of LLLT and LEDs are related to the
biophysiological properties of wavelengths, defined as the distance
between two consecutive peaks, the chromophore.

ow Level Lasers are non-thermal lasers, known as soft
lasers, emitting a coherent, monochromatic polarized light
penetrating deeply into tissues, ranging from 400nm to 800nm
and 900nm to 940nm for Near-Infrared.

As a comparison, the Helium Neon lase, emitting red at 632nm, has a
power output between 1 and 25 milliwatts, whereas the Nd:YAG
laser, used in cataract surgery, delivers up to 10 watts.

Dermatol Open J. 2020; 5(1): 12-25. doi: 10.17140/DRMTOJ-5-141

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