Using MapMCDA Tool for the Spatial Epidemiology of Animal Rabies in Morocco: How to Improve the Rationality of a Qualitative Risk Assessment

Mounir Khayli*, Mehdi Kechna, Khalil Zro, Faouzi Kichou, Jaouad Berradae and Mohammed Bouslikhane

Using MapMCDA Tool for the Spatial Epidemiology of Animal Rabies in Morocco: How to Improve the Rationality of a Qualitative Risk Assessment.

Spatial epidemiology is the description and analysis of geographic distributions and developmental changes in disease risk or incidence with geographical information system and geospatial
analysis. Since the use of geographic analysis in characterizing the spread and possible causes of outbreaks of infectious diseases dating back to the 1800s.

Statistical analysis of the relationships between these data could highlight correlations between environmental variables and epidemiological variables, thus making it possible to better understand and possibly quantify the modes of transmission of a pathogen according to environmental conditions. This approach to analyzing patterns of transmission constitutes landscape epidemiology. Landscape epidemiology describes how the dynamics of populations of hosts, vectors and pathogens interact spatially in an environment that makes transmission possible. In general, different types of factors are involved in the evolution of animal diseases, whether genetic, biological, but also environmental, climatic, or political, economic, demographic and societal factors.

In order to use the data found in the attribute table of this layer, we have joined the
attributes by location with the shapefile of the municipalities to allow the visualization of each risk factor. However, while using these factors each one separately at the mapMCDA tool, we have
applied the rasterization tool.
Development of new decision support tools, such as interpolation and prediction methods, seems to be decisive to exhibit robust spatial risk assessment of the disease, to target surveillance
and finally to better streamline rabies control.

Epidemiol Open J. 2021; 6(1): 11-19. doi: 10.17140/EPOJ-6-123

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